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Why is the Asian population in Britain susceptible to premature myocardial infarction ?

Why is the Asian population in Britain susceptible to premature myocardial infarction ?  Premature ischaemic heart disease in migrants from the Indian subcontinent is associated with insulin resistance. The site of this defective insulin action has been localized to the skeletal muscle by means of positron emission tomography (Baliga RR et al. Positron emission tomography localizes insulin resistance to skeletal muscle in premature coronary heart disease. Circulation1995; 92: 1-16).

Is intravenous nitrate therapy routinely administered in acute myocardial infarction ?

Is intravenous nitrate therapy routinely administered in acute myocardial infarction ?  Routine administration of nitrates is not recommended since the ISIS-4 and GISSI-3 trials (in which >70 000 patients were randomized to nitrates or placebo) showed no improvement in outcome. However, nitroglycerine is the agent of choice for recurrent ischaemic pain and is useful in lowering blood pressure or relieving pulmonary congestion.

What is the role of primary angioplasty in acute infarction ?

What is the role of primary angioplasty in acute infarction ?  Angioplasty results in both lower mortality rates and a reduction in the incidence of recurrent ischaemic events. Also, angioplasty is associated with lower enzyme rise, better left ventricular function, and less reinfarction. Angioplasty led to shorter hospital stay, fewer re-admissions and lower follow-up costs. However, the major limitation of this approach is the access to both facilities and personnel to carry out the procedure. Angioplasty should be considered in patients who have recognized contra-indications to thrombolysis (even if this means transferring the patient) or who are considered high risk and present with their infarction to a hospital where angio-plasty can be performed. Patients who have received thrombolysis and who seem on clinical grounds (reduction in maximal ST segment elevation by 50% and resolution of chest pain) not to have reperfused at 90-minute review should be seriously considered for res

What is the role of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors following myocardial infarction ?

What is the role of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors following myocardial infarction ? Several large trials (SAVE, AIRE, SMILE, TRACE, GISSi-lll and IS1S-IV) have shown both short- and long-term improvement in survival with ACE inhibitor therapy. The benefits are greatest in patients with low ejection fractions, large iufa, ction~ tn ulinical evidence of heart failure. • The AIRE (Acute Infarction Ramipril Efficacy) and the AIREX (AIRE Extension) trials assessed the long-term (mean follow-up 59 months) efficacy of ramipril compared with placebo in 603 patients with heart failure after myo-cardial infarction. Treatment with ramipril resulted in a large and sustained reduction in mortality (relative risk reduction 36%). • The SAVE (Survival and Ventricular Enlargement) Trial compared the effect of captopril or placebo in 2231 patients up to 16 days post myocardial infarction with an asymptomatic ejection fraction ?

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