What are the theories for the cause of primary pulmonary hypertension ?
• Excess endothelial production of the vasoconstrictor thromboxane relative to dilator prostaglandins such as prostacyclin.
• Excess endothelin-I levels relative to nitric oxide. Inhaled nitric oxide and endothelin-1 antagonists reduce pulmonary hypertension.
• Excessive thrombosis in situ due to increased platelet activation, plasminogen activator inhibitor levels and decreased thrombomodulin.
• Increased serotonin levels.
• Inhibition or downregulation of potassium (Kv) channels in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and platelets.
• Activation of elastase and matrix metalloprotease enhances production of mitogens.
• Monoclonal proliferation of endothelial cells.
Lexo edhe:
• Excess endothelial production of the vasoconstrictor thromboxane relative to dilator prostaglandins such as prostacyclin.
• Excess endothelin-I levels relative to nitric oxide. Inhaled nitric oxide and endothelin-1 antagonists reduce pulmonary hypertension.
• Excessive thrombosis in situ due to increased platelet activation, plasminogen activator inhibitor levels and decreased thrombomodulin.
• Increased serotonin levels.
• Inhibition or downregulation of potassium (Kv) channels in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and platelets.
• Activation of elastase and matrix metalloprotease enhances production of mitogens.
• Monoclonal proliferation of endothelial cells.
loading...
Lexo edhe: